For much of his adulthood, Waldheim claimed that he was drafted into the German army after Adolf Hitler occupied Austria but sat out most of the war, attending law school in Vienna, because of a shrapnel wound he suffered on the Eastern Front in 1941. To make matters worse, the Justice Department would cut corners. After a period as director general for political affairs in the Austrian Foreign Ministry, he became his countrys ambassador to the UN (196468, 197071). But, in fact, at the age of 19 he joined the National Socialist German Students League - a Nazi youth organization - just a month after the Anschluss. Beyond that, though, he continued to deny an active role in widespread executions and abuse and blamed his downfall on a conspiracy by American Jews. Waldheim had unsuccessfully sought election as President of Austria in 1971, but his second attempt on 8 June 1986 proved successful. I was happy to see him turned him down and he will never get to see the shores of the United States again. The Austrians, of course, were beside themselves. Articles from Britannica Encyclopedias for elementary and high school students. Waldheim weathered protests abroad, calls for his resignation at home and even the cold shoulder of some members of his own political party. It was sad, because he said, Bill, youve turned my biggest success in my life to crap. He said, I got this man elected President, and you turned around and ruined him. I didnt apologize, because I didnt think I had to apologize for what we did. [10], Much historical interest has centred on Waldheim's role in Operation Kozara in 1942. It took hundreds of thousands of ordinary men - well-meaning but ambitious men like Kurt Waldheim - to make the Third Reich possible. In his 1985 memoir, "In the Eye of the Storm," Kurt Waldheim described Austria in the aftermath of World War I as "the defeated, ruined, truncated remnant of the former Austro-Hungarian Habsburg Empire.". He was Secretary-General of the United Nations from 1972 to 1981, and President of Austria from 1986 to 1992. Kurt Waldheim was born in a village outside Vienna on Dec. 21, 1918, the eldest son of a conservative Roman Catholic school inspector. After he was elected President, groups in the U.S. began a campaign to put him on the list of people who were banned from entering the U.S. He led Austrias first delegation to the UN (1955) and subsequently represented the country in Canada (195660), first as minister plenipotentiary and then as ambassador. [58], In his speech at the cathedral, Federal President Heinz Fischer called Waldheim "a great Austrian" who had been wrongfully accused of having committed war crimes. But what could I do? Of course, this made the Austrians very unhappy. [60] In a two-page letter, published posthumously by the Austrian Press Agency the day after he died, Waldheim admitted making "mistakes" ("but these were certainly not those of a follower let alone an accomplice of a criminal regime") and asked his critics for forgiveness.[61]. 1989 Vol. Chinas opposition aside, Waldheim had appeal for rival superpowers the United States and the Soviet Union, which viewed him as nonideological and noncontroversial. Kurt Waldheim. Though I lived in the Austrian capital, I was spending most of my time covering the brutal fighting and ethnic displacements then racking a disintegrating Yugoslavia. Kurt Waldheim; Sankt Andre-Verdern, blizu Bea, Austrija, 21. decembar 1918 Be 14. jun 2007) je bio austrijski politiar i diplomata.Njegov izbor za predsednika Austrije 1986. godine bio je zasenjen otkriima da je pripadao jedinici Hitlerovog Vermahta koja je u tadanjoj Jugoslaviji poinila ratne zloine nad civilima tokom Drugog svetskog rata. On the Policy Planning Staff several of the other members and I, who was supposed to know something about Austria, we all had access to all the intelligence that anybody else did. I had either to continue to serve or be executed. However, he was vetoed by China in the second round. Himself / Kurt Waldheim Jr. Petey Greene's Washington: 1981: TV Series: Himself: Archive Footage . Kurt Waldheim's rebellious, ne'er do well (((son))) It was not until Waldheim left the United Nations and then ran for president of Austria in 1986 that his wartime past became widely known. And so, apparently in the clear, Waldheim entered the Austrian foreign service at wars end. In the meantime, Congress passed a law, the Holtzman Act, named after a Congresswoman who introduced it. Kurt Waldheim, a widely esteemed former secretary general of the United Nations, was running for president of Austria in March 1986 when it came to light that he had participated in Nazi . Shultz did not agree and got angry, so he threw us out of his office. But more than four decades later, his assertions were disputed by witnesses, photographs, medals and commendations given to Waldheim, and by his own signature on documents linked to massacres and deportations. This marked the first time that a head of state had been put on an immigration watchlist. Active in the Christian Social Party, he was well regarded as a devoutly Catholic family man. Posted by 5 days ago. But sure, its this kind of ex post facto thing that we got into. [40], Part of the reason for the controversy was Austria's refusal to address its national role in the Holocaust (many leading Nazis, including Adolf Hitler, had been born Austrians, and Austria became part of the Third Reich). Many of them were Yugoslavs or Romanians and all of them were old. We wanted the information and we did not want it to fall into the hands of the Soviets. [25] Amidst international protest, "the UN spokesman said [in his daily press conference] it was not the secretary-general's practice to comment on telegrams sent him by heads of government. Janks go on a date with John DeBella's wife (which Howard predicted would happen in his battle with DeBella in Philadelphia), the "Gross Video Contest" winners, Boy-Gary dressed as an ape and . The ex-concentration guard would then show up on the Austrians doorstep. Europe and others push for a standard lunar time zone, Dr. Simi is a TikTok star. After all, Waldheim was their democratically elected President whom the U.S. had supported for the UN Secretary General and now we were banning him as a war criminal. Fred played Kurt Waldheim, Jr. Great stuff. Secretary-general of the United Nations (1972-81). (Croatia and Bosnia were part of Yugoslavia at the time.). From left to right, Italian Cdmr. THE ASSOCIATED PRESS. The fact that Waldheim played a significant role in military units that unquestionably committed war crimes makes him at the very least morally complicit in those crimes.". Consequently, he chose not to run for a second term in 1992. And there was some fear that because of Finlands position, he might be subject to Soviet pressures. Ban Ki-moon, the secretary-general of the United Nations, issued a message 'voicing sadness'. Talented and ambitious, he rose rapidly through the ranks, and by 1955, when Allied occupation of Austria ended, was dispatched to the United Nations, taking a seat in an institution to which he would be repeatedly assigned in a long diplomatic career that included a two-year stint as Austrian foreign minister. Waldheims initial denial of his Nazi past and obfuscation mirrored that of a nation. Kurt Waldheim dies at 88; ex-UN chief hid Nazi past Kurt Waldheim, the former UN secretary general and president of Austria whose hidden complicity in Nazi war crimes was exposed late in his career, died Thursday in Vienna, Austrian media reported. National Socialist German Students' League, Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine, Austria's refusal to address its national role in the Holocaust, Justice Department's Office of Special Investigations (OSI), "Former UN Secretary General Kurt Waldheim dies at 88 Haaretz Israel News", "Kurt Waldheim: Austrian head of the UN who as president of his country was later tainted by charges of complicity in Nazi atrocities", "Wir sterreicher whlen, wen wir wollen", "Suomen ulkoministerin johto tiesi Waldheimin natsimenneisyyden jo 1971", Israeli Ugandan Relations in the Time of Idi Amin, "July 4, Day of Operation Entebbe, Israel Upgrades Uganda Airport", "It's Election Year at U.N., With Waldheim Post Open", "Waldheim is Backed by Security Council for Five Years More", https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZY_mJLwBgrc&t=45s, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RxXE_4nyxUg, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R97kxi1InWc&t=13s, Stealing Beauty: Dispute Rages Over Austria's Looted Art, Records of the Central Intelligence Agency (RG 263), Bericht der internationalen Historikerkommission, Schlussbetrachtung, "WALDHEIM BARRED FROM ENTERING U.S. OVER ROLE IN WAR", https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/criminal-hrsp/legacy/2011/02/04/04-09-87waldheim-rpt.pdf, "Waldheim, ex-UN leader and Nazi, buried in Austria", "Kurt Waldheim dies at 88; ex-UN chief hid Nazi past", "Former Austrian president whose term was marred by wartime service buried", Trauerfeier fr Altbundesprsident Dr. Kurt Waldheim im Wiener Stephansdom, 23.06.2007, Ban Ki-moon voices sadness at death of former Secretary-General Kurt Waldheim, Austria and Nazism: Owning Up to the Past (A BBC Report), The Waldheim Report: International Commission of Historians, Video of Kurt Waldheim sworn in as UN Secretary-General, GREEK JEWS CHALLENGING WALDHEIM by HENRY KAMM, Ambassador of Austria to the United Nations, Deputy Secretary-General of the United Nations, Under-Secretary-General of the United Nations, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kurt_Waldheim&oldid=1141564433, Permanent Representatives of Austria to the United Nations, Secretaries-General of the United Nations, Recipients of the Iron Cross (1939), 2nd class, Austrian military personnel of World War II, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Interpreter with the liaison staff attached to the Italian. [39], Waldheim called the allegations, which grew in magnitude in the ensuing months, "pure lies and malicious acts". He managed to continue his studies by working as a Latin and Greek tutor and borrowing funds from relatives.[8]. Waldheim during a press conference at the, Waldheim's voice recording on the Voyager Golden Record, Report of the International Historical Commission of 8 February 1988, section on "Membership in National Socialist Organizations", as cited, e.g., in, Israeli-Ugandan Relations in the Time of Idi Amin by. Reply . Before the decision, the Austrians would come to Washington and ask us not to do it. As secretary general, Waldheim was often criticized - by governments in the West, East and the third world - as ineffectual and overly cautious in his attempts to find solutions to the many conflicts erupting around the globe. By William Walter Kay Global Research, February 22, 2023 Follow us on Instagram and Twitter and subscribe to our Telegram Channel. info); St. Andr-Wrdern, Baixa ustria, 21 de dezembro de 1918 - Viena, 14 de junho de 2007 [ 1]) foi um diplomata e poltico austraco, Secretrio-geral da ONU de 1972 a 1981 e Presidente da Repblica da ustria de 1986 a 1992. In those days, before the taint of scandal, Waldheim was often called the dapper diplomat. Accompanied by his vivacious wife, the former Elisabeth Ritschl, he was the epitome of Old World aristocratic style, a gallant gentleman in bespoke suits who kissed womens hands, starred on the cocktail-and-banquet circuit and oozed obsequious charm. [6] In the autumn of 1937, now an army reservist, Waldheim entered the prestigious Consular Academy in Vienna on a scholarship, where he began his studies in law and diplomacy. Donald Trump Jr. claims US train network is being sabotaged as revenge for Nord Stream 2 after derailments in Ohio and Michigan . . And fellow Austrian Arnold Schwarzenegger invited Waldheim to his 1986 wedding to Maria Shriver, a month after the disclosures about Waldheims Nazi past. On this day in 1987, the Justice and State departments . But theyve hit a snag, Student debt is a crisis: Activists rally outside Supreme Court for loan forgiveness, Tensions rise in Nigeria as opposition demands new vote. Those who relate this film only to current problems . The Austrian had been a member of the Sturmabteilung, or SA, which provided military protection for the National Socialist German Workers Party, better known as . Waldheim was the fourth Secretary-General of the United Nations from 1972 to 1981, and the ninth President of Austria, from 1986 to 1992. He was 88. They would pull in some 70- or 80-year-old man and tell him he had two choices: He could go on trial and face the likely possibility of spending the rest of his life in jail, or he could renounce his U.S. citizenship and be deported to Austria. He died of heart failure, the state broadcaster ORF reported. Knfel, Ulrike and Kraske, Marion (4 April 2008), Wiesenthal, Simon (1999) "The Waldheim Case" in. A secretary-general who is too much of an activist wont last longer than a year.. He was 88. Despite his humble beginnings, Waldheim was able to pursue university studies in law and diplomacy in Vienna. Waldheim je bil generalni sekretar OZN (1972-1981) in predsednik Avstrije (1986-1992). Most often they would take the second choice. then Kurt Waldheim tried to seduce me when I was just 14.' Small . Today's Highlight in History: On March 10, 1985, Konstantin U. Chernenko, who was the Soviet Union's . hide. Kurt Waldheim served in the Austrian army . Kurt Josef Waldheim was an Austrian-born lawyer, soldier, politician, and envoy who served as the 4 th Secretary-General of the UN and the 9 th President of Austria. His family was with him when he succumbed to cardiovascular failure. I was horrified. Reply . He was the elected president of Austria from 1986 to 1992. Kurt Waldheim, (born December 21, 1918, Sankt Andr-Wrdern, Austriadied June 14, 2007, Vienna), Austrian diplomat and statesman who served two terms as the fourth secretary-general of the United Nations (UN), from 1972 to 1981. Fischer also praised Waldheim for his efforts to solve international crises and for his contributions to world peace. [15] Decades later, during the lobbying for his election as U.N. Secretary General, Yugoslav President Josip Broz Tito, who had led the Yugoslav Partisans during the war, awarded Waldheim one of the highest Yugoslav orders, not knowing the details of his prior military service. D uring Kurt Waldheim's Austrian presidential campaign in the spring of 1986, that nation's collective consciousness experienced a painful return of the repressed, a psychological agony . [53] In a letter to the editor published in Foreign Affairs magazine two years after Rosenbaum's book was released, former Finnish ambassador to the U.N. Max Jakobson (one of the candidates whom the USSR had vetoed) wrote, "The Soviets knew everything about Waldheim. "[54], Throughout his term as President (19861992), Waldheim was officially deemed persona non grata by the United States and, officially or informally, by nearly every other nation in the world outside the Arab world. 27. helmikuuta - Yhdistyneiden kansakuntien psihteeri Kurt Waldheim nimitti varatuomari Helvi Sipiln YK:n sosiaaliasioiden apulaispsihteeriksi. Near the end of his tenure as secretary-general, Waldheim and British popular musician Paul McCartney organized a series of concerts for the People of Kampuchea to help Cambodia recover from the damage done by Pol Pot.[32]. He was soon conscripted into the German army, however, and served on the Russian front until 1941, when he was wounded. The decision to ban Waldheim was made by Attorney General [Edwin] Meese and Secretary Shultz went along with it. UNITED NATIONS (AP) _ A secret U.N. War Crimes Commission file on Kurt Waldheim is based on Yugoslav accusations that the former U.N. secretary-general was involved in Nazi reprisals against civilians, sources said Friday. Footage of Austria's then-presidential candidate Kurt Waldheim speaking at a rally, from "The Waldheim Waltz." Credit: Ruth Beckermann filmproduktion The 90-minute film interweaves the video shot by Beckermann with other archival footage, creating a dramatic account of the buildup to the 1986 election - a brief period in history when the eyes . They claimed that prominent German politicians who were involved in worse things than Waldheim have gotten into the United States. The official Waldheim biography, which he had studiously maintained for decades, was a lie. On 19 August 1944, he married Elisabeth Ritschel in Vienna; their first daughter, Lieselotte, was born the following year. He apparently gained the sympathy of the Austrian electorate and won the presidency with 54% of the vote. In 1971 he ran for president on the Peoples Party ticket but lost. Kurt Josef Waldheim (21 December 1918 - 14 June 2007) was an Austrian diplomat and conservative politician. [27] Outgoing Mexican President Luis Echeverra finally entered the race in October 1976, making Waldheim the only Secretary-General to face a contested re-selection campaign. "[35], A short time later, beginning on 4 March 1986, the World Jewish Congress alleged that Waldheim had lied about his service in the mounted corps of the SA and had concealed his service as a special missions staff officer (Ordonnanzoffizier) for Germany's Army Group E in Yugoslavia and Greece, from 1942 to 1944, based primarily on captured German wartime records held at the United States National Archives in Washington, DC, and in other archives. [44][55], After his term ended in 1992, Waldheim did not seek re-election. Waldheim published an autobiography. The commission did not say Waldheim personally participated in the bloodshed, and he seized on that to claim that he had essentially been exonerated. Well, there was never really any good evidence that tied Waldheim directly to atrocities. His father, Walter, the son of an impoverished blacksmith, became the local school superintendent and . Kurt Waldheim, who has died aged 88 of heart failure, served two terms as secretary-general of the United Nations (1972-82) before it was revealed that he had lied about . And he portrayed himself as the victim of a smear campaign orchestrated by outside, foreign forces. Kurt Waldheim: distinguished diplomat who fell from grace. Then we supported him to be Secretary General of the United Nations. [28], In 1977, Waldheim recorded a greeting for the Voyager Golden Records, a pair of discs containing sounds and images representing the diversity of life and culture on Earth, which were launched into deep space on the Voyager spacecraft. He argued that the Austrian Prime Minister, a Social Democrat, was about to visit the U.S. and it would be a great embarrassment to him if we banned Waldheim. Instead Waldheim, a hardworking and talented diplomat, was allowed to rise to the pinnacle of the Austrian Foreign Ministry, and then go on to serve two terms as secretary general, from 1972 to 1982. His service from 1942 to 1945 was the subject of international review in 1985 and 1986. [3] Watzlawick (original Czech spelling Vclavk) changed his name to "Waldheim" that year as the Habsburg monarchy collapsed and eventually rose to become superintendent of schools for the Tulln District, attaining the rank of Regierungsrat (government councillor). Notes. While he was running for President in Austria in 1985, his service as an intelligence officer in the Wehrmacht . Pamphlet. [59] Im happy Im not an intellectual ball of fire, Waldheim told reporters who gathered in his opulently appointed Fifth Avenue apartment in Manhattan when he was first elected to head the U.N. I dont think you can solve the U.N.'s problems that way. The book featured many different people from different countries, the narrator made the odd choice to imitate various accents of the people quoted. An international commission of historians has found "no proof" that Kurt Waldheim committed war crimes, according to the 200-page report it submitted to Chancellor Franz Vranitzky here Monday . . But for most of the world, Waldheim was ruined and discredited. After six weeks of deadlock, Waldheim and Salim both withdrew from the race. That claim was repeated in two autobiographies and routinely to journalists. The resulting diplomatic strains between the U.S. and Austria encumbered relations for many years afterwards, as visa applicants who had traveled to the U.S. for years were abruptly denied, and Holocaust war crimes, initially shadowed by the Cold War, were suddenly brought to light. The aristocratic poseur, Waldheim, was the grandson of a Czech blacksmith surnamed Vaclavik. Waldheims precise involvement in these brutalities would be a matter of debate and investigation for years to come. Waldheims later claims that he spent the rest of World War II studying law at the University of Vienna were contradicted by the rediscovery in 1986 of documents suggesting that he had been a German army staff officer stationed in the Balkans from 1942 to 1945. Shortly before his birth the Habsburg monarchy had collapsed, and his father, whose Czech family had been called Watzlawick . VIENNA (Reuters) - Former U.N. chief and Austrian President Kurt Waldheim, whose career was tainted by disclosures of his Nazi past, was buried in a state funeral on Saturday. While he was running for the latter office in the 1986 election, the revelation of his service in Greece and Yugoslavia as an intelligence officer in Nazi Germany's Wehrmacht . Israeli ambassador Yehuda Zvi Blum denied the charges, saying, "We don't believe Waldheim ever supported the Nazis and we never said he did. He won a second term in 1976 and might well have gone on to a third had China not insisted on a candidate from the Third World, throwing its backing to Waldheims ultimate successor, Javier Perez de Cuellar of Peru. Sklici in opombe Glej tudi . They were also convinced that the U.S. was picking on Austria because it was small. [20] According to Finnish diplomat Risto Hyvrinen, Waldheim's former Nazi connections were already known to the Finnish officials who supported Max Jakobson for Secretary-General in the election. However, there was a clause in the displaced persons legislation that stated if you lied on your application to come to the U.S., you could be deported back to the country from where you emigrated. Countries refused to deal with him, and he was disinvited from numerous ceremonial functions. Austrian President Kurt Waldheim, accused by Jewish groups of participating in Nazi war crimes, today was barred from entering the United States because of evidence that he persecuted people . Kurt Waldheim, the erudite diplomat who served as U.N. secretary-general and Austrias president but left the world stage a pariah after his Nazi past was exposed, died Thursday. All of a sudden, we had this case that involved the President of Austria. Kurt Waldheim was born on 21 December 1918 in a village named Sankt Andra-Wordern, located close to Vienna, Austria to Watzlawick and his wife. The "Waldheim Affair" is the term conventionally applied to the controversy surrounding the disclosure of the previously unknown past of Kurt Waldheim, former secretary general of the United Nations, which arose during his campaign for the Austrian presidency in 1986.The affair not only focused international attention on Waldheim personally, but also raised broader questions . Did he know that some bad things were going on? 21 June 2007. In 1939, Waldheim was drafted into the German Wehrmacht. Do Not Sell or Share My Personal Information, What time is it on the moon? During his campaign to become President of Austria, the Social Democrat opposition made charges about his activities during the war. There are 296 days left in the year. During his tenure, he won praise for his handling of negotiations to establish a U.N. peacekeeping mission after the 1973 Arab-Israeli war, and during an unsuccessful attempt to mediate the U.S. hostage crisis in Tehran in 1980, he braved an angry mob of Iranians waving wooden legs and arm stumps (supposed victims of torture under the rule of Shah Mohammed Reza Pahlavi). It was odd. His candidacy became controversial, however, with the dissemination of wartime and postwar documents that pointed to his having been an interpreter and intelligence officer for a German army unit that engaged in brutal reprisals against Yugoslav Partisans and civilians and deported most of the Jewish population of Salonika (Thessalonki), Greece, to Nazi death camps in 1943. The controversy surrounding Waldheim was particularly problematic for Austria, forcing a tardy reckoning of the nations complicity in Nazi crimes. VIENNA, Austria - Kurt Waldheim, whose legacy as U.N. secretary-general was overshadowed by revelations that he belonged to a German army unit that . They were sure that this decision had more to with American domestic politics than it did with Waldheim. These included the third session of the U.N. Conference on Trade and Development (Santiago, April 1972), the U.N. Conference on the Human Environment (Stockholm, June 1972), the third UN Conference on the Law of the Sea (Caracas, June 1974), the Third World Population Conference (Bucharest, August 1974) and the World Food Conference (Rome, November 1974), and the World Conference on Women, 1975 (Mexico City, June 1975). His aides at the United Nations even accused the Israeli mission of spreading rumors that he supported the Nazis. If we had done a little more digging, both 1946 and 1972 or whenever it was, we might have found out about him. Later investigations showed that Kurt Waldheim, despite claims that he never belonged to any Nazi organization, apparently joined a Nazi student union three weeks after the Anschluss and then ran with the so-called brownshirts, a Nazi paramilitary group. Many years later when I was a senior member of the Policy Planning Staff, we were asked whether the U.S. should support Waldheim for a second term as Secretary General of the United Nations. The Austrians would be embarrassed, because it would look like the U.S. was sending another Nazi back to Austria. In my view he was the kind of person and there are many of his type in Austria who goes along to get along. A son, Gerhard, and another daughter, Christa, followed. After the war, Lohr was condemned and executed as a war criminal. [40] His former immediate superior at the time stated that Waldheim had "remained confined to a desk". Get out! and we went out. What the U.N. needs is a quiet approach, he said. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Following the fall of the Habsburg Monarchy, his father changed the family surname to . Shortly afterwards, he ran and was defeated in the 1971 Austrian presidential elections. [51] The report catalogues evidence that, the U.S. government concluded, proved that Waldheim had taken part in, among other actions: the transfer of civilian prisoners to the SS for exploitation as slave labor; the mass deportation of civiliansincluding Jews from Greek islands and the town of Banja Luka, Yugoslaviato concentration and death camps; the utilization of antisemitic propaganda; the mistreatment and execution of Allied prisoners; and reprisal executions of hostages and other civilians. During 196870 he served as Austrian foreign minister. An international investigation by a committee of historians cleared Waldheim of complicity in war crimes, but as president he was a rather isolated figure on the international scene. 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On Instagram and Twitter and subscribe to our Telegram Channel called Watzlawick what the U.N. 's problems that.. Generalni sekretar OZN ( 1972-1981 ) in predsednik Avstrije ( 1986-1992 ) a! 14. & # x27 ; s Washington: 1981: TV Series: himself: kurt waldheim jr.!, his father, Walter, the Austrians doorstep tied Waldheim directly to atrocities this marked the time..., before the decision to ban Waldheim was made by Attorney General [ Edwin ] Meese Secretary... Service at wars end Operation Kozara in 1942 from numerous ceremonial functions he portrayed as... From grace fellow Austrian Arnold Schwarzenegger invited Waldheim to his 1986 wedding to Maria Shriver a... Activities during the war is being sabotaged as revenge for Nord Stream 2 after derailments in Ohio and Michigan Washington. That the U.S. was sending another Nazi back to Austria controversy surrounding was! His Nazi past and obfuscation mirrored that of a Czech blacksmith surnamed Vaclavik or Share Personal!